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Large farm holders were able to adopt the strategies of the Green Revolution as they had the capital to invest in HYVs, chemical fertilisers and machinery. They were able to produce more crops on their lands each year and this increased their profit.

The small farm holders on the other hand, could not afford the high overhead costs as these farmers were mostly tenants and shareholders who had no collaterals to help them secure bank loans. They were therefore unable to improve the productivity of their land. They made less profit from the sale of their crops. This process became a vicious cycle that made the big farm holders richer and the small farm holders poorer.